In my first article on this blog, I would like to formulate a theory about the Universe. In my personal opinion, the Universe has existed, exists, and will exist forever. You might say that science talks about the Big Bang and the creation of the universe. So, I paraphrase the term and transform it into Big Blank, hence the name of this notebook. I believe, with simple reasoning that I will explain to you very briefly, that the universe was never born but has always existed. Something very simple and perhaps very incomprehensible (maybe). Where do I base myself to say such things and downgrade a theory that has made (and is making) great efforts to be supported, and that obviously those who conceived it must know something... I'm not going to get into complex and incomprehensible mathematical reasoning, but into simple logic and perhaps a little philosophy. I hope I'm not boring you. The theory is based on the following simple thoughts:
We know from high school mathematics the term Sets. As it is obvious, a large set can contain smaller sets called subsets. Subsets have some properties of the large set and can (of course) have all the properties of the large set, without having some properties that the large set does not have. Mathematics are everywhere in the universe. You might say "it's a human construct" and I will answer, "their nomenclature is a human construct, but mathematics exist". No one can deny that if we have one tomato and we take another one, we will have 2 tomatoes. Mathematics define that there is an infinite number of numbers. It starts from minus infinity, passes through zero, and ends at plus infinity. Mathematics are contained in the universe, they are infinite, they have no specific beginning, nor end, so logically the same happens in the set that contains them.
We cannot talk about the Big Bang at some zero point in time, nor approach zero. We talk, for example, about 10^-39 sec, that is, 0.000000000000000000000000000000000000001 sec. A number very close to zero, but not zero. Even if we say, for example, 10^-100 sec, it still won't be zero. This is because no one prohibits us from removing more digits to better approach time. If we consider time as a line segment as in Figure 1, and we cut it into 2 segments, and take one segment, we can cut it again and again without ever touching zero, but simply leaving it there (high school limits theory). So the universe did not have a tangible beginning in time.
What is cosmic radiation? It is the remnants of the radiation from the big bang that are reflected in the universe. So, there was a big bang. OK. I don't disagree. But time did not start then. Time existed, exists, and will exist. It flows in a specific way, but it is perceived differently depending on the observational conditions. If there was no time before the big bang, then we cannot say it exists afterward because then it should have a beginning, which it doesn't have (according to point -2-). Thus, we are led to the conclusion that the universe has always existed, without any beginning, because it contains time, which is something that you cannot assign a beginning to. Then we come back to "What is cosmic radiation?" It is the remnants of the radiation from the big bang that are reflected in the universe, BUT with a difference: the last big bang. That is, consider the universe as a balloon that inflates and deflates forever. Or as a cosmic soup that has existed, exists, and will exist and its bubbles are the universes emerging from some big bangs.
When we look at the sky, we see the past. This happens because light takes some time to reach us. When we see the Sun rising, it has risen 7-8 minutes ago, it's just that long for its light to reach us. Imagine how long it takes from somewhere farther away. Days, months, or even years. Many years. So we have found that if we look deep into the universe with a powerful telescope, we will see about 15 billion years back (the age of the universe), simply because that's how long it took for the light to travel from there to here. However, wherever we look, we see so far back. That is, around the Earth, there is a sphere of the universe that reaches 15 billion light-years away. We cannot claim that this happens because the Earth is at the Center of the Universe. This would be not only egotistical but also wrong because the Earth revolves around the Sun, which in turn revolves around the center of our Galaxy, which moves within the universe, while we always see 15 billion light-years away. So logically, at every point in the universe, we should see so far away (Figure 2). So the universe does not have a radius of 15 billion light-years (hence an age), but infinite, hence infinite age, it's just that the light from farther away has not reached yet because it takes infinite time. Think about it more simply: with a better telescope, with greater performance, we will see beyond 15 billion light-years... So at some point, we will reach to see the moment of the big bang or what happens before it or maybe outside the universe.
These 4 reasonings are the most basic ones that make me believe in the theory of the eternal and infinite Universe (the theory of Big Blank as I call it).
~ Figure 1 ~
~ Figure 2 ~
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